Chinese White is a zinc based opaque white. Winsor & Newton were the first to sell Chinese White in England in 1834. It was named after the popular Chinese porcelain imported at the time.
Sepia is a black brown colour. Originally made in the 18th from the ink sacks of cuttlefish, it is now made from a mixture of carbon and umber. It is a highly permanent colour.
Ultramarine is a rich deep transparent blue. It was created by French chemist Guimet in 1828 as a synthetic but chemically identical replacement for the expensive pigment derived from Lapis Lazuli.